Abstract

Keratoplasty remains a cornerstone procedure in the management of corneal blindness, which constitutes a major cause of visual impairment worldwide. The cornea, as the eye's primary refractive surface, plays a crucial role in visual acuity, and its transparency is essential for proper light transmission. When corneal clarity is compromised due to dystrophies, ectatic disorders, infections, trauma, or postsurgical complications, keratoplasty serves as a definitive therapeutic intervention.Penetrating keratoplasty (PK), involving full-thickness replacement of the cornea, was the standard surgical technique. However, over the past two decades, there has been a paradigm shift to lamellar keratoplasty procedures, which offer selective tissue replacement while preserving healthy native corneal layers.This instruction course provides a detailed overview of the current approaches in keratoplasty, PK,DALK,DSEK and DMEK.

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